Frequency of adverse feto-maternal outcomes in patient with placental abruption

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency of adverse feto-maternal outcomes in patients with placental abruption.

Methodology: This descriptive case series was a study carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar between January 26, 2022 and July 26, 2022. The sample size of the study was 136 patients who had placental abruption, who were aged between 18 and 40 years, and were more than 24 weeks of gestation and any parity. The feto-maternal outcomes of these patients were compared.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 27.65 ± 6.27 years. The adverse maternal outcomes were acute tubular necrosis (8.8%), disseminated intravascular coagulation (19.1%), postpartum hemorrhage (27.9%), and maternal admission to ICU was detected in 7 (5.1%) patients. The maternal age was significant as associated with DIC (p < 0.05). Adverse fetal outcomes included intrauterine fetal death in 6 (4.4%), preterm birth in 30 (22.1%), low APGAR score in 33 (24.3%), stillbirth in 28 (20.6%), and admission to NICU in 29 (21.3%). The maternal demographic variables were significantly related to preterm birth (p = 0.03) and stillbirth (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Our study identified the frequency of adverse fetal and maternal outcomes in patients with placental abruption. The fetal outcomes were intrauterine fetal death, pre-term births, low APGAR score, and stillbirth. The acute tubular necrosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation and postpartum hemorrhage were maternal outcomes.