Vitamin-D status in sixty adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis: An observational study

Abstract

Objective: To investigate serum Vitamin-D levels in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and analyze the association between Vitamin-D levels and scoliosis severity.

Methodology: This was a retrospective study. A total of 60 adolescents diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis at Xingtai People’s Hospital from September 2020 to October 2024 were enrolled for observation. Serum 25-hydroxyVitamin-D (25[OH]D) concentrations were measured, and the Cobb angle of the primary curve was determined from standing spinal radiographs. Patients were stratified into two groups according to Vitamin-D levels: the observation group (insufficient Vitamin-D) and the control group (sufficient Vitamin-D). Statistical analyses were performed using the software Prism, with independent t-tests and correlation analyses.

Results: Among patients with Vitamin-D deficiency or insufficiency (25[OH]D < 50 nmol/L), 11 exhibited a Cobb angle > 15°, whereas only 2 patients with sufficient Vitamin-D levels (25[OH]D 50–250 nmol/L) had a Cobb angle > 15°. A significant negative correlation was observed between serum 25(OH)D concentration and scoliosis severity (P = 0.0154 < 0.05).

Conclusion: Vitamin-D deficiency may be associated with the development of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Adequate Vitamin-D supplementation could help mitigate curve progression and reduce scoliosis severity.