A comparison of the clinical features of molar pregnancy in adolescents and adults

Mehmet Özer; Pınar Tuğçe  Özer; Ibrahim Karaca; Suna Yıldırım Karaca; Alper İleri; Adnan  Budak

doi:10.12669/pjms.40.5.8383

Mehmet Özer 1. University of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital Izmir, TURKEY
Pınar Tuğçe Özer Izmir Provincial Health Directorate, Kemalpasa State Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Izmir, Turkey https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3571-8894
Ibrahim Karaca 3. Izmir Bakircay University, Çiğli Education and Research Hospital, Department Of Obstetrics And Gynaecology, Izmir, TURKEY https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-3423
Suna Yıldırım Karaca 1. University of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital Izmir, TURKEY https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8319-3052
Alper İleri https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4713-5805
Adnan Budak 1. University of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital Izmir, TURKEY https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4145-3973

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.8383

Keywords: Gestational trophoblastic diseases, Hydatidiform mole, Vaginal bleeding, Visual analogue scores

Abstract

Objective: To compare the age-specific clinical features of molar pregnancy and to describe the risk factors associated with this situation.

Method: This retrospective case-control study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. The participants included both adolescents (≤ 19 years) and adults with histologically confirmed hydatidiform moles in our institution between January 2015 and January 2022. The interventions and main outcome measures of this study involved evaluating the clinical and ultrasonographic features, as well as the risk factors, associated with molar pregnancies in adolescents.

Results: This study of 137 patients with molar pregnancy found that adults had a higher incidence of partial molar pregnancy (20 patients versus seven patients) and lower beta-hCG levels than adolescents (176.890.71 mIU/ml versus 253.734.47 mIU/ml). Adolescents had a higher likelihood of hyperthyroidism (25.4% versus 9.2%). bleeding on admission (4.2% versus 1.51%),. longer hospital stays (5.44 ± 2.73 days versus 3.59 ± 3.08 days). Higher rates of uterine enlargement and postoperative bleeding (15.5% versus 1.5%). Adolescents also required more analgesia (97% versus 89.4%).

Conclusions: Adolescents with Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTD) may present with more severe symptoms compared to adults, which can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms and risk factors for GTDs in this population. Increased awareness and education can help improve recognition and management of GTDs in adolescents and improve their overall health outcomes.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.8383

How to cite this: Ozer M, Ozer PT, Karaca I, Karaca S, Ileri A, Budak A. A comparison of the clinical features of molar pregnancy in adolescents and adults. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(5):846-850. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.8383

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.